Davidic Covenant
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DAVIDIC COVENANT
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SECTION 1: TERMS OF DAVIDIC COVENANT
1. Jews Will Live In a Place Of Peace Where No One Will Inflict Them
2 Samuel 7:10 Moreover I will appoint a place for my people Israel, and will plant them, that they may dwell in a place of their own, and move no more; neither shall the children of wickedness afflict them any more, as beforetime,
* this will happen when Jesus 2nd coming
2. David's Seed Will Built a Temple For God, David's Seed Will Be The Messiah Who Will Reign Forever
a. This Verse Is About Solomon And Jesus
2 Samuel 7:12-14 And when thy days be fulfilled, and thou shalt sleep with thy fathers, I will set up thy seed after thee, which shall proceed out of thy bowels, and I will establish his kingdom.
13 He shall build an house for my name, and I will stablish the throne of his kingdom for ever.
14 I will be his father, and he shall be my son. If he commit iniquity, I will chasten him with the rod of men, and with the stripes of the children of men:
* This verse is not only applicable for Solomon but to Jesus Christ too
* Noticed verse 13 (part b) and verse 14 (part a): “I will stablish the throne of his kingdom for ever. I will be his father, and he shall be my son”. This is talking about Jesus
* Noticed verse 14 (part 2): “If he commit iniquity, I will chasten him with the rod of men, and with the stripes of the children of men:” This is not about Jesus, this is refering back to Solomon
* Here we can that this verse splits itself into a different time period and to different people
* This shows dispensationalism is in this verse and why it is so important to righthly divide
* Compare it with Hebrews 1:5. It shows that it is refering to Jesus and not Solomon
b. This Verse Is About Jesus Christ
Hebrews 1:5 For unto which of the angels said he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee? And again, I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me a Son?
* Noticed what God said about Jesus, His Son (capital S)
* Noticed verse 5 (part b): “I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me a Son?”
* Where was this verse quoted from? Its From 2 Samuel 7:14
* So, 2 Samuel 7:14 is refering to Jesus but not all of 2 Samuel 7:14 refers to Jesus. The 2nd part is refering back to Solomon
* How do we confirm this is the right interpretation? Because other verses shows it. We are to compare scripture with scripture to find the right interpretation
3. The Jewish Kingdom Will Reign Forever
2 Samuel 7:16 And thine house and thy kingdom shall be established for ever before thee: thy throne shall be established for ever.
* Temporarily Jews are on hold because of us church but God will deal with them again in the future
SECTION 2: DAVIDIC THEME = THE KINGDOM
1. The Jews Wanted A Physical King Like The Other Nations And Not A Spiritual King With God As Their Head
1 Samuel 8:4-5 Then all the elders of Israel gathered themselves together, and came to Samuel unto Ramah,
5 And said unto him, Behold, thou art old, and thy sons walk not in thy ways: now make us a king to judge us like all the nations.
2. God Said They Have Rejected God As Their King, Let Them Have Their King
1 Samuel 8:7. 9 And the LORD said unto Samuel, Hearken unto the voice of the people in all that they say unto thee: for they have not rejected thee, but they have rejected me, that I should not reign over them.
9 Now therefore hearken unto their voice: howbeit yet protest solemnly unto them, and shew them the manner of the king that shall reign over them.
* This is when the Jews will have their physical kingdom and physical king eversince
3. God Even Foretold Them During The Time Of Moses That One Day He Will Set Up a Physical King Over Them
Deuteronomy 17:14-15 When thou art come unto the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, and shalt possess it, and shalt dwell therein, and shalt say, I will set a king over me, like as all the nations that are about me;
15 Thou shalt in any wise set him king over thee, whom the LORD thy God shall choose: one from among thy brethren shalt thou set king over thee: thou mayest not set a stranger over thee, which is not thy brother.
* God knew they were going to say that
* This was foretold by God during the time period of Moses, centuries before Israel said they want a king
* God will choose one among them the Jews. A gentile is forbidden to be their king. Its gonna be a Jewish king, a Jewish kingdom
Note:
* The Jews rejected a spiritual God as king and wanted a physical kingdom instead
* They have their physical kingdom eversince this time
* The evidence that the Davidic covenant’s theme is about the kingdom is David’s kingly line. God said through David’s line the kingdom will last forever. During that entire time period, it was all about Kings, Kings and Kings.
* A lot of physical things mentioned about the kingdom for Israel is not for the Christian church
* Because we serve a spiritual God and we worship Him in spirit and in truth
* Our kingdom is spiritual. God is our king. But the Jews they have a physical king, physical kingdom
* So a lot of verses we find about a physical kingdom in the old testament, don't mis-apply to us and we are not to spiritualize the passage
* Put the physical things (physical promises of a physical kingdom) to the Jews and spiritual things (spiritual promises) to the Christian church and everything fits and makes sense
SECTION 3: DAVIDIC SALVATION = FAITH + WORKS
1. Faith & Works Is Required For Salvation: Davidic Salvation Is The Same As The Mosaic Salvation
* It’s the same because he is still living in the time of the Mosaic law
2. David Was Fearful To Loose His Salvation: David Prays To Restore His Salvation & Not Take Away His Holy Spirit
Psalms 51:11-12 Cast me not away from thy presence; and take not thy holy spirit from me.
12 Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with thy free spirit.
* David prayed this because he recognises that the system of salvation was by faith & works or one can loose it
3. David Commited Sin So He Built An Alter For Forgiveness Of His Sin
2 Samuel 24:18-25 And Gad came that day to David, and said unto him, Go up, rear an altar unto the LORD in the threshingfloor of Araunah the Jebusite.
19 And David, according to the saying of Gad, went up as the LORD commanded.
20 And Araunah looked, and saw the king and his servants coming on toward him: and Araunah went out, and bowed himself before the king on his face upon the ground.
21 And Araunah said, Wherefore is my lord the king come to his servant? And David said, To buy the threshingfloor of thee, to build an altar unto the LORD, that the plague may be stayed from the people.
22 And Araunah said unto David, Let my lord the king take and offer up what seemeth good unto him: behold, here be oxen for burnt sacrifice, and threshing instruments and other instruments of the oxen for wood.
23 All these things did Araunah, as a king, give unto the king. And Araunah said unto the king, The LORD thy God accept thee.
24 And the king said unto Araunah, Nay; but I will surely buy it of thee at a price: neither will I offer burnt offerings unto the LORD my God of that which doth cost me nothing. So David bought the threshingfloor and the oxen for fifty shekels of silver.
25 And David built there an altar unto the LORD, and offered burnt offerings and peace offerings. So the LORD was intreated for the land, and the plague was stayed from Israel.
* David built an alter for forgiveness of sin because there was a plague caused by David's sin of pride
* God did not punish them further because David built that alter
* This is necessary that time for the forgiveness of their sins
* This is totally different from us Christians but for the old testament saints, they had to do that
Note:
* Some churches quote these verse to show that as christians, also can loose the Holy Spirit and our salvation is the same that is by faith & works
* Christians salvation is by faith alone & no works
SECTION 4: IMPORTANT HIGHLIGHTS
A. GOD DEALS BY PHYSICAL DEALINGS DURING THIS TIME
* Remember, because the spirit is dead, after Adam sinned, God had to deal with them physically
* So it makes sense, even though they had faith, they had to do works out of it physically because God is dealing with physical and he can't based it on spiritual things
* Today's christians we can just go by faith (spiritual) and God can deal with us spiritually because we have a spiritual nature that is alive as a result of Christ sacrifice
* During their time they never had that because when Adam sinned, the spiritual nature died, so God can't do that with them. God deals primarily by physical dealings.
* However we see that God's grace is carried from the beginning to the end (Genesis-Revelation) as He will do some sort of spiritual dealings too but he does not do everything based of spiritual dealings
* Because the spiritual nature was dead, that's why works (physical) that was their salvation system and they cannot do spiritual because the spiritual nature of man was dead
B. PAUL USED SOME SPIRITUAL DEALINGS DURING THIS TIME TO INTORDUCE CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE
* Paul used old testament verses to prove new testament spiritual doctrines when he introduced christian doctrines. These are important arguments to the Jews because he had to show them that it was biblical
* Paul he had no new testament, he only had old testament.
* How is he going to use the old testament to prove new testament spiritual doctrine?
* Paul had to find any spiritual dealings of God in the Old testament.
* Paul then quotes those verses about what God did in the old testament to prove spiritual doctrines that christians can follow.
* Lets look at these examples
I. SALVATION IS NOT BY WORKS BUT JUST BY RECEIVING IMPUTED RIGHTEOUSNESS FROM GOD
1. Old Testament Verse: David Failed In His Physical Works But God Imputed Him Righteousness
a. David Committed Adultery And Murder And The Penalty Was Stoned To Death
2 Samuel 12:9 Wherefore hast thou despised the commandment of the LORD, to do evil in his sight? thou hast killed Uriah the Hittite with the sword, and hast taken his wife to be thy wife, and hast slain him with the sword of the children of Ammon.
b. David Received God's Imputed Righteousness, He Avoided God's Judgement And Received Mercy Just Like That
2 Samuel 12:13 And David said unto Nathan, I have sinned against the LORD. And Nathan said unto David, The LORD also hath put away thy sin; thou shalt not die.
c. God Did Not Impute Him Sin, God Imputed Him Righteousness
Psalms 32:1-2 (A Psalm of David, Maschil.) Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is covered.
2 Blessed is the man unto whom the LORD imputeth not iniquity, and in whose spirit there is no guile.
d. David Begged Mercy From God Because He Committed 2 Sins, Adultery And Murder
Psalms 51:1 (To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David, when Nathan the prophet came unto him, after he had gone in to Bathsheba.) Have mercy upon me, O God, according to thy lovingkindness: according unto the multitude of thy tender mercies blot out my transgressions.
* David failed his physical works of the law for salvation, he should have been stoned to death
e. God Was His Source For His Salvation
Psalms 51:14 Deliver me from bloodguiltiness, O God, thou God of my salvation: and my tongue shall sing aloud of thy righteousness.
2. Paul Quotes It In His Epistle: David Received Imputed Righteousness Of God For His Salvation Where He Got That Without Works
Romans 4:6-8 Even as David also describeth the blessedness of the man, unto whom God imputeth righteousness without works,
7 Saying, Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, and whose sins are covered.
8 Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not impute sin.
* Paul quoted from the book of Psalms
* Paul used this scenario to argue that this is not something new and it happened before during David's time
* Paul used God's spiritual dealings with David
* For this scenario, God did not deal physically and apply the physical Jewish rules and laws with David
* David had to do that with God personally and God dealt with him spiritually and God imputed him righteousness
* Because of that spiritual dealing and not the common physical law that applies to the Jews, Paul can use that to argue for Christian doctrine
Note:
* Christians are imputed righteousness when we are saved by faith.
* Thats why our salvation is by faith only without works
C. SURE MERCIES OF DAVID (EXCEPTIONS PROVE THE RULE)
1. This Exception Is Known As The Sure Mercies Of David
Isaiah 55:3 Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and your soul shall live; and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David.
* God put it into the bible
* Noticed verse 3 “everlasting”. That means God made it very exceptional and not based on how good his works were
* God put that basis on the sure mercies of David. That’s how special it was
2. Mercy Did Not Depart Even From David, But It Departed From Saul
2 Samuel 7:14-15 I will be his father, and he shall be my son. If he commit iniquity, I will chasten him with the rod of men, and with the stripes of the children of men:
15 But my mercy shall not depart away from him, as I took it from Saul, whom I put away before thee.
* This verse shows exceptions prove the rule
* In the old testament, God's mercy can depart away from the Jews when their physical works fail and salvation can be lost (that's what God did with Saul but God did not do it with David)
* The rule is mercy can depart and it also shows exceptions prove the rule, David got the exception
Note:
* David is a very exceptional case because according to general Jewish law, their salvation depended on physical works by the physical Jewish law. That was the general rule
* But David became the special exception out of that and he did not have to follow the Jewish law and he was not stoned to death
* David's exception prove the rule even more
* Eg: a car cannot park in this lot except on Sunday. This exception proves the rule even more that the car should not park there at all except only on Sunday
* Salvation that time is by physical works under the physical Jewish law except only for David and some others
D. EXAMPLES OF GOD’S MERCY & EXCEPTIONS PROVE THE RULE
1. A Cannanite Women (Great Faith)
Matthew 15:22-28 And, behold, a woman of Canaan came out of the same coasts, and cried unto him, saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, thou Son of David; my daughter is grievously vexed with a devil.
23 But he answered her not a word. And his disciples came and besought him, saying, Send her away; for she crieth after us.
24 But he answered and said, I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel.
25 Then came she and worshipped him, saying, Lord, help me.
26 But he answered and said, It is not meet to take the children's bread, and to cast it to dogs.
27 And she said, Truth, Lord: yet the dogs eat of the crumbs which fall from their masters' table.
28 Then Jesus answered and said unto her, O woman, great is thy faith: be it unto thee even as thou wilt. And her daughter was made whole from that very hour.
* She went to Jesus asking Jesus to heal her daughter but Jesus said no because His rule is that He only ministers to the house of israel not to Gentiles but eventually Jesus saved her daughter because of her great faith
* This shows another example of exception case & mercy of God
2. Lot (Righteous Man)
2 Peter 2:7-8 And delivered just Lot, vexed with the filthy conversation of the wicked:
8 (For that righteous man dwelling among them, in seeing and hearing, vexed his righteous soul from day to day with their unlawful deeds;)
* He commited incest with his daughters
* But the bible puts him as a righteous man and a saved person
* This shows another exceptional case & mercy of God
3. Samson (Hero Of Faith)
Hebrew 11:32 And what shall I more say? for the time would fail me to tell of Gedeon, and of Barak, and of Samson, and of Jephthae; of David also, and Samuel, and of the prophets:
33 Who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions,
* He comitted fornication with prostitutes etc
* But the bible puts him as the hero of faith in Hebrew chapter 11
* God considers him a saved person
Note:
* Some churches don't believe in dividing verses to the right person, time period
* They think everything applies to them
* Their problem is what about those Jewish verses about keeping the sabbath and stoning people to death and praying to God to kill our enemies
* Then they will say that they spiritualize those verses.
* Instead of taking the bible word for word, they spiritualize it.
* How to spiritualize the entire bible? Its a mess
* Thats why by dispensationalism we can put everything in order according to the right time period, the right group of people
E. THE PROMISED SEED WHICH WILL ONE DAY BRUISE SATAN’S HEAD
I. THE GENIUS OF GOD: HOW GOD KEPT HIS PROMISE THAT THE MESSIAH WILL COME FROM DAVID’S LINE
1. God Cursed David’s Descendant Coniah (Jechoniah) That His Seed Will Not Prosper And Will Not Rule
Jeremiah 22:28-30 Is this man Coniah a despised broken idol? is he a vessel wherein is no pleasure? wherefore are they cast out, he and his seed, and are cast into a land which they know not?
29 O earth, earth, earth, hear the word of the LORD.
30 Thus saith the LORD, Write ye this man childless, a man that shall not prosper in his days: for no man of his seed shall prosper, sitting upon the throne of David, and ruling any more in Judah.
* God cursed him that his seed will not prosper and rule.
* This is the last king of Israel and he was the guy who caused the Jews to loose their nation and their physical kingdom
2. The Physical Kingdom Of Israel Is Gone: Jeremiah Cries Out That They Have Lost Their Kingdom During The Babylonian Captivity
Lamentations 5:16 The crown is fallen from our head: woe unto us, that we have sinned!
* Eversince the Babylonian captivity until 1948, the nation of Israel lost their physical nation and kingdom
* God’s physical dealing of the kingdom was finished.
3. Even During The Times Of Jesus, The Jews Do Not Have Their Physical Kingdom: The Disciples Were Anticipating Their Physical Kingdom To Be Restored, They Were Asking Jesus If He Will Restore Their Kingdom To Israel
Acts 1:6 When they therefore were come together, they asked of him, saying, Lord, wilt thou at this time restore again the kingdom to Israel?
* What are they talking about? They are talking aboout the physical kingdom of Israel that they lost
* The Jews don’t have a physical nation until 1948 and they will not have a physical kingdom until the Messiah (2nd coming of Jesus)
* Noticed verse 6: Its the Messiah who will bring in their physical kingdom. They are asking Jesus if He will bring it during that time
4. Jesus's Geneology Traced Through Joseph’s Line To King David: Joseph Was From Jechoniah’s Line Which Was From David’s Son Solomon’s Line
Matthew 1:1-17 The book of the generation of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham.
2 Abraham begat Isaac; and Isaac begat Jacob; and Jacob begat Judas and his brethren;
3 And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram;
4 And Aram begat Aminadab; and Aminadab begat Naasson; and Naasson begat Salmon;
5 And Salmon begat Booz of Rachab; and Booz begat Obed of Ruth; and Obed begat Jesse;
6 And Jesse begat David the king; and David the king begat Solomon of her that had been the wife of Urias;
7 And Solomon begat Roboam; and Roboam begat Abia; and Abia begat Asa;
8 And Asa begat Josaphat; and Josaphat begat Joram; and Joram begat Ozias;
9 And Ozias begat Joatham; and Joatham begat Achaz; and Achaz begat Ezekias;
10 And Ezekias begat Manasses; and Manasses begat Amon; and Amon begat Josias;
11 And Josias begat Jechonias and his brethren, about the time they were carried away to Babylon:
12 And after they were brought to Babylon, Jechonias begat Salathiel; and Salathiel begat Zorobabel;
13 And Zorobabel begat Abiud; and Abiud begat Eliakim; and Eliakim begat Azor;
14 And Azor begat Sadoc; and Sadoc begat Achim; and Achim begat Eliud;
15 And Eliud begat Eleazar; and Eleazar begat Matthan; and Matthan begat Jacob;
16 And Jacob begat Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ.
17 So all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations; and from David until the carrying away into Babylon are fourteen generations; and from the carrying away into Babylon unto Christ are fourteen generations.
* Noticed that its from Jechoniah (Coniah) but God cursed him that his seed will not prosper and will not rule.
* The promised seed will not come from his line
5. Jesus's Geneology Traced Through Mary’s Line To King David: Mary Was From David's Son Nathan’s Line
Luke 3:23-31 And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, which was the son of Heli,
24 Which was the son of Matthat, which was the son of Levi, which was the son of Melchi, which was the son of Janna, which was the son of Joseph,
25 Which was the son of Mattathias, which was the son of Amos, which was the son of Naum, which was the son of Esli, which was the son of Nagge,
26 Which was the son of Maath, which was the son of Mattathias, which was the son of Semei, which was the son of Joseph, which was the son of Juda,
27 Which was the son of Joanna, which was the son of Rhesa, which was the son of Zorobabel, which was the son of Salathiel, which was the son of Neri,
28 Which was the son of Melchi, which was the son of Addi, which was the son of Cosam, which was the son of Elmodam, which was the son of Er,
29 Which was the son of Jose, which was the son of Eliezer, which was the son of Jorim, which was the son of Matthat, which was the son of Levi,
30 Which was the son of Simeon, which was the son of Juda, which was the son of Joseph, which was the son of Jonan, which was the son of Eliakim,
31 Which was the son of Melea, which was the son of Menan, which was the son of Mattatha, which was the son of Nathan, which was the son of David,
* The promised seed came from this line
* Luke put Joseph as the son of Heli, which actually is the son-in-law of Heli.
* Mary’s lineage, as recorded by Luke, does not mention Mary, but that’s to be expected—including women’s names in genealogies was not standard practice.
* Joseph was a “son” of Heli by virtue of his marriage to Mary, who would have been the daughter of Heli (Matthew 1:16 lists Joseph’s biological father as Jacob).
* It is common knowledge that the genealogies contained in Matthew and Luke differ.
Note:
* Noticed the genius of God
* David was promised an everlasting covenant. A Messiah will come from his line to reign in their kingdom forever
* Jechonias (Coniah) came from David’s line but he was cursed. God blocked his seed and said he will never prosper on the throne
* God still used David’s line but through David’s son Nathan and from there came Mary and then came the Messiah, Jesus
* God solved the problem by making Jesus as virgin born through Mary